Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) ASCP Practice Exam

Which adipokine is decreased in obesity, is anti-inflammatory, and increases insulin sensitivity?

1. Leptin

2. Adiponectin

3. Resistin

4. Visfatin

The correct answer is: Adiponectin

Adiponectin is known for its role in enhancing insulin sensitivity and exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. In the context of obesity, it is unique compared to other adipokines, as its levels are typically reduced. While adiponectin helps in modulating glucose levels and fatty acid breakdown, it also plays a crucial part in reducing inflammation, making it beneficial for metabolic health. Leptin, on the other hand, increases with obesity and is primarily involved in regulating energy balance and appetite but does not enhance insulin sensitivity in the same beneficial way as adiponectin. Resistin and visfatin are also associated with promoting inflammation and insulin resistance; their levels generally increase in obesity, contrasting with adiponectin’s decreased levels in this condition. Thus, the specific characteristics of adiponectin—decreased in obesity, anti-inflammatory, and promoting insulin sensitivity—confirm it as the correct answer to the question.